Currency
Before currency were invented the whole world run through barter system. Barter system means exchange of goods for goods. But it has its own deficiencies. A person with a cow want to buy a bag of rice, but the bag of rice don't want the cow and he's looking for a good sheep. Comes the problem of exchange. Here money comes into the picture. The owner of the cow sells it and buys the bag of rice. The owner of the rice got the money and he buys the sheep too. problem of exchange had been solved for the time being. But how exchange rate is confirmed in the market. Everyone pegs its currencies to one of the best currencies in the world ie., United States Dollar. Rupee is pegged to United States Dollar. Lets take the trade of United States v/s India. United States exports more goods to India and purchases few products from India. For ex: United States exports machinery to India. India or Indian Companies paid in United States Dollar. In United States Trade system, its surplus mo...